---
abstract: 'Drifts in the Parker spiral interplanetary magnetic field are known to
  be an important component in the propagation of galactic cosmic rays, while they
  are thought to be negligible for solar energetic particles (SEPs). As a result,
  they have so far been ignored in SEP propagation modeling and data analysis. We
  examine drift velocities in the Parker spiral within single particle first-order
  adiabatic theory, in a local coordinate system with an axis parallel to the magnetic
  field. We show that, in the presence of scattering in interplanetary space, protons
  at the high end of the SEP energy range experience significant gradient and curvature
  drift. In the scatter-free case, drift due to magnetic field curvature is present.
  The magnitude of drift velocity increases by more than an order of magnitude at
  high heliographic latitudes compared to near the ecliptic; it has a strong dependence
  on radial distance r from the Sun, reaching a maximum at r\ensuremath\sim1 AU
  at low heliolatitudes and r\ensuremath\sim10 AU at high heliolatitudes. Due
  to the mass over charge dependence of drift velocities, the effect of drift for
  partially ionized SEP heavy ions is stronger than for protons. Drift is therefore
  likely to be a considerable source of cross-field transport for high- energy SEPs.'
adsnote: Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
adsurl: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JGRA..118.5979D
archivePrefix: arXiv
authors:
- S. Dalla
- M. S. Marsh
- J. Kelly
- T. Laitinen
category: publications
date: '2013-10-01'
doi: 10.1002/jgra.50589
draft: false
eprint: '1307.2165'
featured: false
journal: Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)
month: October
number: '10'
pages: 5979-5985
primaryClass: astro-ph.SR
projects: []
publication: Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)
publication_types:
- '2'
tags:
- Solar energetic particles
- Particle propagation
- Interplanetary magnetic field
- Drifts
- Astrophysics - solar and stellar astrophysics
- Physics - space physics
title: 'Solar energetic particle drifts in the Parker spiral'
type: ARTICLE
volume: '118'
year: '2013'
---